Heater



t'. A. MERRILL.

HEATER. APPLlCATI9N FILED APR| 27| |921.

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N VEN TOR Zuge/149A Ziff/il l @Falli E. A. MERRILL. Lf HEATER.

L Y, I APPLICATION FILED APR. 27 1921. Limusa.,

Patented Deo. 5, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented. Der; 5, 1922i EUGENE s., irriteert n, etw/tivo Alhambra, in the county oit Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and.y useful Improvements in Heaters, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates tok a heater of the type employed in hot air heating' of rooms and particularly pertains to a heater oiE this class which is adapted to the burning et gas as a fuel. An object of this invention'is to a sectional heater in which one or more. complementary units may be employed to form a heater ot any desired capacity and embodying 'a construction whereby two `or more of the units may be readily' assembled and securely joined together. I

Another object is to provide a heater of the above character in which hot products oi' combustion may be y caused to traverse? a large radiating surface ina compact space" v throughout a heater unit and thereafter delivered to a vent stack whereby a maximum oi heating effect maybe obtained with thev consumption of a minimum ot tuel.'y

Another objectk is to provide a heater unit which is so formed that when two or more corresponding` units are arranged tace to tace, a combustion chamber in one unit will open throughout its cross sectional area with the combustion chamber of the adjacent unit to provide a continuous chamber through the successive units and whereby any desired length of combustion chamber may be obtained by assembling a suitable number of units y A further object is to provide a simple means for fastening a series of the units together collectively whereby they may be easily assembled and dis-assembled.

Other objects will appear hereinafterI The invention is illustrated bv the accom panying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a viewin. side elevation of a heater constructed in conformity with the invention showing a part of the casing broken away to reveal the combustion chamber and burner.

Figure 2 is a view in end elevation 'ot the' y portion ot chamber c,n theseropenings heater showing the front or burner end.

provide y e., cati'eoiania immens.

igire d is a view in elevation and partly in vertical section oitone oitthe heater radiating units. i

` -Figure 51s a view 'in vertical section as i' r# c ii' seen on the line o--5 oi Jdiguie l.

Figure 6 is a viewin 4vertical section as seen on the line 6-6 otFigure a: y

perspective of the Wligure' isa view in front 'end plate.

Figure 8 is a view iiiperspective of the back end plate f yFigurel is a diagrammatic sectional view illustrating the Apreferred manner of installing the heater. f i

`lli/lore speciiicallyf 10' indicates a heat ra diatiiig unit vwhich embodies an upper porn tion comprising a pair of spacedfvertical end walls 11.-12 joined at their vertical edges by side walls lik-lil and attheii upper edges by an arcuate top wall l5. A pa-ii` ot spaced partitions i6-17 extend between the end `walls and are spaced from theside walls with their .upper ends terminating a dis tance from the top wall;y thus forming the interior ot the upper portion et the radiating element with a central chamber a, end chambers i-c7 und a top chamber ci' these chambers constituting passages for conveying products of combustion as will be later described. *The unit is Jformed with a base portion comprisingv a bottom 'wall 18 and side walls .t9-20; tlieside walls extending upwardly trom 4the bottom wallin arcuate form and provided with forked portions ot semi-circular 'torni one part ot which eX- tends: jin continuation vot the `side walls lbld yandthe other partei which connects withthe lower ends of the partitions lli-i7 forming bottom walls ill- 22 tor the chambers --c. The baseportien is open at its ends throughout the area bounded by the bottom wall 18, side walls lQ-Qfk the inner portions ofthe walls '2l-22, and the lower rends of the `end walls lll-l2. r'lhis area. constitutesa combustion chamber f weich ispin open communication with the lower portion ot chan'iber a. The end walls lli-*l2 are formed with laligned openings y 23 located at the lower portion ot chamber ?fand with correspond ing openings 2li arrange l at the llower with the walls 21T-22 Jforming transverse pas sages through the unit communicating'with -stitutes a distributi the chambers ZJ-c and separted from the combustion chamber by the inner portions oi the walls Ql-QQ.

Formed on the opposite ends of the unit and bordering on the margins of the chamber j' and openings 23-24 are iianges E25-26; the flange 26 being formed with ay tapered lip 27 and the flange 25 having a recess 28 Jthroughout its inner Wall to receive the lip 27 of an adjacent unit.

Formed in the walls 11-12 adjacent their upper ends are openings 29-30having marginal flanges 31-32; the flange 31 having a. recessed inner wall 33 to receive a lip 34 on the flange 32 of an adjacent unit; these openings being provided toreceive a tierod 35 by whichl the upper portions of a series of the'units may be rconnected together, and formed in the-'endWallslQ-QO are recesses 36-37 to accommodate tie rods 38-39 by Which-the lower portions rot' the units may be connected together;

Front and rear end-*plates-lO-el are provided torclosing the openings in-the lower or hase portions of the end.` units andalso afford walls between whichfthe -units vmay be securelyheld as will be laterdescribed; the front plate t0 being formedwith a lip 4:2 adaptedto. extend into the recess 28 ot a unit and the rear end plate having` a 'cha-n nel 3 tofreceive the lip 27 ot aunit. The liront. platevis formed with an opening 4st to receivef a tubular-burner andfl has secondary air inlet openings f5-4T arranged on opposite sides thereof tot open to the combustion chamber f The rear end plate is formed withfa-chaniber 48 adaptedto communicate at its ends with the openings Z3-42e of aunit which-chamber opens upwardly through atube L Llto which aient star-lr 50 mayfbe connectedrand'has a cold air inlet 5l opening to the undersidethereof below the tube.

The burner l5 is here shown ascomprising a horizonta'llj7 disposed gas-pipe 52 provided with a plurality otsmall holesl 53v placed midway between the ends, and a tubular burner 54a su rrounding-the; gas pi pe-and -pro vided with f a series of burnerv orifices 55 throughout its upper surface; A space Stbe-- tween the gaspipe id the'sburnerfbody conf g chamber tengas and air' which vare mixed before'V issuing from the gaspipe and` for thispurposevtheforward endy of the` gas pipe: passes 4out throu-glrthe openinglll in-thefront panel and extends into a cage fitted-with an4 air regulating shutter- 57. A v lve 58is providedffor regir latingythe flow of gasto a nozzle opening into the cage opposite the open outerY end ot thefgas pipe. A pilot lanievfeed line 59 is tapped into the valve andpasses through the panel into the combustionspace, above the burnerfbody. 4

The burnerf body/is formedf osuch length memes as to extend throughout thc length oit' the combustion chamber and to abut against the rear end plate; `he floru'ard end of the burner being formed with a shoulder (ill adapted to abut against the outer tace ot 70 the trout end plate. The gas-pipe is toi-mcd ot such length as to extend through the rear cnd plate and its rear end is threaded to rcceive a cap 6l which when screwed on the pipe will abut the outer liace of tinl rear end plate and coact with the shoulder 60 in holding` the burner in position between and supported upon the end plates, The end plates may be termed integral with the end units.

ln assembling the heater any desired number of the units are errang l end to end in a row as shown in Figure l with-the 'lips 27-34 of one unit extending into therecesses ot the adjacent unit,I suitablepacking being placed in the joi sto eti'ectively seal them` The tie-rod isins-erted through the aligned openings 2.930 and through capsGQ-(i seating` on the flanges 81-32 ot the outermost units, and a nut Get-is screwed on one end of the rod to oppose a head on the other end thereof and tightly clamp the upper portions ot the units to# gether. The end plates-are then placed in position and thetie-rods 38-29 passed through openings 'formed 'in the end plates to receive them and nuts 6G screwed on the rods in opposition tov heada? thereon to draw theendplates toward each other and securely clamp theunits therebetween. It will be observed that when a series ot-the units are thus joined together the combus tion chambers otthe units` will intercommuui-` cate and form a single combustion chamber throughout the length ol the heater between the end platesA and that a. continuous passage will unite the lower portions ot each o'l'v the chambers 7)--0 and connect them .with the vent stack. j

The burner is then pnt in place as he tore described. being disposed to extend throughout the lengthl ot thc Combustion chamber adjacent tothe bottoni 'wc-.ll thereof.

The operation oit the heater Lpilotnlame is aintained opening the gas into thernizine; through the air common to such air andv gas issues from th the pilot'l'lanief As theprof kot combustion rise upward secondary air isl introduced through the secondary air openings Q -fl? openings are substantially on a horizontal plane with *.thehurner so that the airiov-fs throughout the length loi: the combustion chamber and is delivered laterally toward theburner from .opposite sidesthereof caus- Thcse i u i fr ing two columns of air to impinge on the burner body; u-'hereupon they are caused to rise around the flame jets to supply the burning gas with additional oxygen. lhis rela tive arrangement of secondary air passages and burner results in a positive supply ot secondary air to the 'dames but without:l undue velocity so that burning gases and secondary air intimately mingle to promote complete combustion. The het products ot combustion rise through the chamber a ot each of the units into the chambers c and pass downward through the chambers b-c and then pass to the vent stack as betere explained, and act in their passage to highly heat the walls of the heater which afford a large heat radiating arean The heater may be installed below the sur- Jface of a floor 68, as illustrated in Figure 9, and tted with a hood of any suitable form adapted to collect the air that is heated by the heater to deliver it to the room and is here shown as comprising an outer casing 69 from the top ot which a hot air duct 70 passes up to a grating 71 in the floor. The lower end of the casing has air inlets 72. An inner casing 73 surrounds the heater and is open at the top and bottom so that warm air is drawn from below and takes the path indicated by the arrows. The vent stack 50 is connected to the end panel of the heater to carry off the products oi combustion so that they do not enter the room.

While I have shown and described a specific embodiment of my invention, I do not limit myself to the exact details of construction shown, or the arrangement ot parts, but may employ such construction or combination of the salient features of the invention, coming within the scope or the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. A heater unit comprising an upper portion enclosed by side walls, end walls and a top wall, a pair of spaced partitions eX- tending between the end walls terminating below the top wall and connecting at their lower ends with the side walls forming said upper portion with a middle chamber and side chambers communicating therewith, the end walls being formed with openings at the lower ends of the side chambers adapted to register with corresponding openings on an adjacent unit, and a base portion enclosed by side walls formed in continuation oit the side walls of the upper portion and open at its ends, and communicating with the mi ddle chamber; said base portion forming a combustion chamber adapted to open to a corresponding chamber in an adj acent unit.

2. A heater comprising a series of complementary units each embodying a base portion having a bottom wall, side walls and open at its ends and adapted to have open communication with the interior of the base portion oit an. adjacent unit to form a coinbustion chamber throughout the successive units; each unit having an upper portion enclosed by side walls, end walls, and a top wall formed with spaced partitions extending between the end walls terminating below the top wall and connecting at their lower ends with the side wall; the end walls being formed with openings communicating with the space between the partitions and the side walls adapted to register with the correspondingopenings on an adjacent unit to form continuous passages through the successive units separated 'from the combustion chamber adjacent thereto; the space between the partition walls opening tothe interior of the base portion whereby products of combustion may rise from the base portion into the upper portion; a pair of end plates, and means connecting the end plates for clamping the units together between the end plates.

3. A heater unit comprising a base portion formed with a bottom wall and side walls and open at its ends forming a combustion chamber; a heat radiating upper portion enclosed by side walls, end walls, and a top wall., having a central chamber opening at its lower end to the interior oit the base portion and connecting its upper end with downwardly extending side chambers; the end walls of said upper portion being formed with openings communicating with said side chambers at the lower portions thereoi, the margin of Said openings and the ends oi" the base portions being 'formed on one side of the unit with a lip and on the opposite side of the unit with a recess adapted to receive the lip of an adjacent unit.

4. In a heater, a series of complementary units each having a base portion formed with a bottom wall and end walls arranged with the interiors of adjacent base members in open communication with each other; each of the units being formed with an upper heat radiating portion enclosed by side walls, end walls, and a top wall, the interior of the upper portion being divided into a central chamber and side chambers opening to the upper portion of the central chamber; said central chamber being in open communication with the interior of the base member and the lower portions of the side chambers communicating with the lower portions et' the side chambers ot an adjacent unit forming passages through the succes sive units, trent and rear end plates between which the base portion of the units are interposed, tie rods connecting the end plates, a burner located in the space bounded by the base members; said front end plate having air inlet openings and said rear end plate formed with a chamber communicating with the passages of the end unit, and a vent stack leading lrom said chamber.

5. A gas heater comprising` a burner and an assembled casing` made up of a plurality ot casing` members tted together said casing members each termed with combus tion space and a vertically disposed radiating space Which is closed at the top but communicates at the bottom With the combustion space, said casing further formed with vertically disposed fiue passages communicating with said radiating space adjacent its top; whereby products of combustion pass from said combustion space upward through said radiating space to enter said i'iue passages and pass downward through said flue passages in proximity to the Walls of said casing, means for connecting;l said flue passages to the flue passages in adjacent casing` members and means for connecting the Combustion spaces in adjacent casing members to 'form a substantially continuous combustion space throughout the assembled casing members.

EUGENE A. MERRILL. 

